Cháng shān (长衫) is a traditional Chinese garment: a long, loose-fitting, high-collared robe with wide sleeves, historically worn by educated men—especially scholars and officials—during the Ming and Qing dynasties and into early 20th-century China. The character 长 (cháng) means 'long', referring to the garment’s full-length cut that typically reaches below the knees; 衫 (shān) is a general term for 'shirt' or 'tunic', indicating its upper-body function and woven fabric construction. Together, they denote a specific cultural artifact—not just clothing, but a visual symbol of literacy, refinement, and social status.

Today, cháng shān appears mainly in historical dramas, museum exhibits, wedding ceremonies (as part of traditional Hanfu ensembles), and cultural performances. It is distinct from the shorter áo (袄) or modern Western-style shirts, and should not be confused with the qípáo (cheongsam), which is form-fitting and traditionally female. Wearing it signals intentional engagement with heritage rather than everyday dress.