'再培养' literally means 'to cultivate again' — combining 再 (again), 培 (to nurture, train, or foster), and 养 (to raise, rear, or nurture). As a compound noun, it refers to the process of retraining or re-educating someone or something that has already undergone initial training but requires further development, adjustment, or rehabilitation. It emphasizes continuity and intentional renewal of skills, behaviors, or conditions.

The term is commonly used in contexts involving professional development (e.g., upskilling workers), education reform (e.g., retraining teachers), and especially animal care — for instance, when rescuing and rehabilitating animals with behavioral issues so they can be successfully adopted or reintegrated into social groups. It carries a positive, purposeful connotation: not starting over from scratch, but building upon existing foundations with focused support.