‘宣誓’ (xuān shì) literally combines ‘宣’ (to proclaim, declare publicly) and ‘誓’ (oath, vow), meaning to formally declare an oath—usually in a solemn, official setting. It emphasizes public affirmation of commitment, responsibility, or loyalty, often before witnesses or authority figures.

This verb is commonly used in legal, political, medical, and professional contexts—for example, when judges, doctors, civil servants, or new citizens swear allegiance or pledge ethical conduct. It carries strong connotations of seriousness, duty, and moral obligation. Unlike casual promises, 宣誓 implies ritualized language, specific wording, and often a prescribed format (e.g., hand on constitution, raised hand). It’s not used for everyday vows between friends or informal commitments.