训练 (xùn liàn) means 'training' or 'drill' — the process of teaching skills, habits, or behaviors through repeated practice and instruction. The first character 训 (xùn) means 'to instruct' or 'to admonish', carrying a sense of guidance with authority; the second character 练 (liàn) means 'to practice' or 'to drill', emphasizing repetition and refinement. Together, they form a compound that stresses both direction and disciplined effort.

This word is commonly used for structured learning in contexts like sports, military service, animal taming, professional development, and education. It implies intentionality, consistency, and measurable progress — not casual practice but systematic preparation. While often neutral or positive, 训练 can carry a slightly formal or rigorous connotation, especially when referring to physical or behavioral conditioning.