妒忌 (dù jì) is a verb meaning 'to envy bitterly' — a strong, often negative emotion involving resentment toward someone else's advantages, such as success, beauty, or possessions. While 妒 (dù) emphasizes jealousy rooted in desire or rivalry, and 忌 (jì) conveys suspicion, wariness, or aversion, together they form a compound that expresses deep-seated, sometimes spiteful envy — more intense than simple 羡慕 (xiànmù, 'to admire').

This word is commonly used in written Chinese and formal speech, and appears frequently in literature, psychological discussions, and moral reflections. It carries a clear negative connotation and implies emotional discomfort that may lead to ill will or harmful behavior. Unlike casual envy, 妒忌 suggests an imbalance of power or fairness — the envious person feels diminished by another’s gain. It’s rarely used in lighthearted or neutral contexts.