再造 (zài zào) literally means 'to make again' — '再' means 'again' or 'anew', and '造' means 'to create', 'to manufacture', or 'to build'. Together, the term emphasizes a process of thorough renewal or restoration, often implying transformation back to a functional, healthy, or original state. It is commonly used in medical contexts, especially for 'tissue regeneration' or 'organ reconstruction', such as after injury or surgery.

Outside medicine, 再造 also appears in business, environmental, and social discourse — for example, '企业再造' (enterprise revitalization) or '生态再造' (ecological restoration). Though it can occasionally function as a noun (e.g., 'a regeneration project'), its primary usage is verbal, typically followed by an object or used in passive constructions. It carries a formal, somewhat literary tone and is rarely used in casual speech.