‘因循’ is a formal, slightly literary verb meaning to follow established customs, habits, or procedures without questioning or innovating — often with a negative connotation of inertia, passivity, or resistance to change. The first character 因 (yīn) means ‘because of’ or ‘on the basis of’, suggesting reliance on precedent; the second character 循 (xún) means ‘to follow’ or ‘to adhere to’, reinforcing the idea of uncritical repetition. Together, they form a compound that emphasizes passive conformity rather than active adaptation.

This word frequently appears in critiques of bureaucratic inefficiency, outdated educational methods, or societal stagnation. It’s commonly used in written Chinese — essays, editorials, and policy discussions — rather than casual speech. While not inherently emotional, it often carries subtle disapproval, implying missed opportunities for improvement due to excessive deference to tradition or routine.