'Shì xí' literally combines 'shì' (generation, age, world) and 'xí' (to inherit, to succeed), meaning the passing down of a title, position, or privilege from one generation to the next within a family. It is most commonly used in historical, political, or institutional contexts — such as royal succession, noble titles, or traditional family-run businesses where leadership is inherited rather than appointed or elected.

The term carries formal and often traditional connotations; it implies continuity by bloodline and is frequently contrasted with merit-based or democratic systems. While historically tied to monarchies and aristocracies, it may also appear metaphorically — for example, describing entrenched influence in certain industries or social circles. It is not used for biological inheritance (like traits or diseases); for that, terms like 'yí chuán' are appropriate.