勤工俭学 literally combines four characters: 勤 (diligent), 工 (work), 俭 (frugal), and 学 (study). Together, it describes the practice of taking on part-time or temporary work—often on campus or through school-arranged programs—to support one’s education financially while maintaining academic focus. The term emphasizes both effort (勤) and thrift (俭), reflecting traditional Chinese values that link hard work, modest living, and scholarly pursuit.

This concept is especially common among university students in China, where universities often coordinate jobs like library assistance, lab tutoring, or administrative support. It’s not just about earning money; it’s also seen as character-building and practical experience. While similar to Western 'work-study' programs, 勤工俭学 carries stronger cultural connotations of self-reliance and moral discipline.